UBI doesn’t redress harms of colonialism and risk trade-offs with other social welfare and reparations movements.

Universal basic income programs are meant to broadly distribute wealth so that no one falls below the threshold for a decent standard of living. However, this policy alone cannot address the historical damage of systematic discrimination and cumulative disadvantage that has marginalized many communities in the first place. In addition, efforts to restitute past injustices-such as campaigns for reparations or struggles to maintain the current welfare state -may, paradoxically, be threatened by the implementation of what I term neoliberal universal basic income. This section explains why those living in the wake of historical injustice (Sharpe 2016) should take particular interest in the structure and policy goals of any proposed UBI program to avoid the adoption of a program that could undermine the efficacy of UBI for improving the overall well-being of historically marginalized communities. One of UBI's primary and most discussed advantages as a policy is that it is universal. By giving benefits to every member of society, UBI avoids the stigma that usually comes from receiving welfare. As Van Parijs (2004, 13) puts it, "there is nothing humiliating about benefits given to all as a matter of citizenship." However, a universal policy that distributes equal benefits cannot explicitly recognize or ameliorate disparities in income and generational wealth that have emerged historically along gender and racial lines. Standard UBI proposals are not structurally designed to redress the inequalities produced by centuries of oppression, slavery, exploitation, settler colonialism, and race- and gender-based exploitation. While most UBI proposals would clearly benefit the most marginalized to some extent, they cannot directly address the harm, both in terms of a dearth of material resources as well as the psychic and collective pain of marginalized groups, that centuries of capitalism, white supremacy, patriarchy, ity, and have produced. Put simply, a universal basic income may be desirable for a variety of reasons, but it is not a panacea for social problems, nor can it serve as a replacement for reparations for historical injustices inflicted on marginalized groups