We need to keep talent in the US.
Sujai Shivakumar et al. 23, Charles Wessner, and Thomas Howell, Shivakumar (Director and Senior Fellow of the Renewing American Innovation Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies), Wessner (research professor at Georgetown University), Howell (international trade attorney specializing in the semiconductor industry and a consultant with the CSIS Renewing American Innovation Project), 8-17-2023, "Quantum Can't Be Business as Usual: Issues for the Reauthorization of the National Quantum Initiative Act," https://www.csis.org/analysis/quantum-cant-be-business-usual-issues-reauthorization-national-quantum-initiative-act
Attracting and Retaining Foreign Talent: Fewer than 5 percent of U.S. doctorate degree holders in relevant fields focus on quantum science. In addition to doctoral level researchers, workers with skills in quantum hardware manufacturing and software development are in great demand. Many U.S. graduates with relevant degrees in physics and engineering are foreign nationals who are educated at leading U.S. universities and then required by the U.S. immigration system to leave the country upon graduation. To address the trained workforce challenges described here, in addition to greatly expanded programs to grow the domestic workforce, a “quantum carve-out” is needed in U.S. immigration policy—one that would enable QIS graduates to remain in the United States with a path to permanent resident status. Quantum-trained engineers are simply too rare and too valuable to be pushed out of the United States’ nascent quantum ecosystem. Similarly, it is essential that any new export controls provide a “deemed export exclusion” so that qualified foreign nationals are free to work within the U.S. industrial sector.