2024 NDAA directs the DoD to increase its acquisition of intellectual property in defense contracts

NOTABLE PROVISIONS OF THE FY 2024 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT; Government Contract Insights; https://govcon.mofo.com/topics/notable-provisions-of-the-fy-2024-national-defense-authorization-act

On December 22, 2023, President Biden signed the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 into law after bipartisan congressional majorities approved the bill earlier in the month. The annual bill authorizes appropriations and sets policy for the Department of Defense (“DoD”) and generally reflects the priorities of the House and Senate Armed Services Committees. Below, we review select provisions likely to be of greatest interest to government contractors. Many of these provisions will only take effect after the government promulgates implementing regulations, following notice-and-comment procedures. Noteworthy Provisions Contract Administration Expansion of Multiyear Contracts. A need for industrial base stability can now justify multiyear procurement contracts. Previously, multiyear contracts were only permissible if the DoD determined they would bring “significant savings” to the total price that the government would pay over the course of the contract. In expanding the availability of multiyear contracts, Congress determined that reliance on cost savings only was too restrictive and that promoting defense industrial base stability was sufficient justification for longer contracts. (Section 820) Extension of Inflation Relief. The DoD will have more time to write inflation adjustments into fixed-price contracts as the NDAA extends an inflation relief program first enacted in the Fiscal Year 2023 NDAA by a year, until December 31, 2024. The program allows DoD contracting officers to make price adjustments to contracts as compensation for high inflation, even for fixed-price contracts that do not otherwise provide for economic price adjustment. (Section 824) Waiver of Procurement Rules for Replenishment of Stockpiles. Emergency acquisition authorities can now be invoked to replace military supplies that have been provided to allies. This provision expands upon emergency acquisition authorities at 10 U.S.C. § 3601, which allow the military to waive certain procurement rules, including competition requirements, in emergency situations. The provision was designed to accelerate the pace at which the United States can refill its stockpiles of weapons and other equipment that have been sent to Ukraine. (Section 831) Earned Value Management System Exemption. DoD contracts and subcontracts for purchase of software will be exempt from Earned Value Management System requirements. The DoD has 180 days from the NDAA’s enactment to update the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) to implement this provision. (Section 827) Contracting Innovation Increasing Use of Commercial Products and Services. As part of its continued efforts to simplify the process for DoD acquisition of commercial goods and services, Congress has directed the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment to prepare a report about the feasibility of several measures that would reduce administrative barriers to procuring commercial goods and services. The first measure would “establish a default determination” that products and services the military buys are commercial. Another measure would direct more acquisitions under FAR Part 12, which contains specialized procedures for commercial purchases. (Section 875) Supply Chain Scrutiny. The supply chains of five weapons platforms will receive greater scrutiny under a DoD pilot program. The pilot program should “identify critical suppliers” and “potential risks to and vulnerabilities of” those suppliers. The program could also be used to develop strategies to expand production of each platform’s components. New technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, could aid in the identification and analysis of supply chain vulnerabilities. (Section 856) DoD to Obtain Enhanced Data Rights. Congress wants the DoD to experiment with innovative intellectual property strategies to acquire more data rights in information technology products. The suggested new strategies include holding intellectual property data in an escrow account or the innovative use of royalties and licenses. Each military department must select one acquisition program for the new strategies, and an additional program will come from one of the DoD agencies or field activities. DoD components have until May 1, 2024, to designate the data rights pilot programs. (Section 808)