Biopolitics subjugates populations through abusive regulatory practices, framing controlling policy under the guise of liberal democracy as a means of “fiscal optimization” through which to strengthen control societies.

Biopolitics and Geopolitics Biopower is a term coined by Michel Foucault, referring to the practice of modern nation states by "an explosion of numerous and diverse techniques for achieving the subjugations of bodies and the control of populations". (Foucault 1990, 140) Foucault used the term to refer specifically to public health practices, among other regulatory mechanisms. Biopower control people in large groups, through an anatomo-politics of the human body, and biopolitics of the population through social institutions of discipline. Power is codified in both social practices and human behavior, as the human subject gradually accepts subtle regulations and expectations of the social order, (Policante 2010) "an explosion of many and varied techniques for achieving the subjugation of bodies and the control of populations": (Foucault 1990, 140) "By this I mean a number of phenomena that seem to me to be quite significant, namely, the set of mechanisms through which the basic biological features of the human species became the object of a political strategy, of a general strategy of power, or, in other words, how, starting from the 18th century, modern Western societies took on board the fundamental biological fact that human beings are a species. This is what I have called biopower." (Foucault et al. 2009, 1) A specific way of applying biopower is what Foucault calls “massifying”, (Foucault et al. 2009, 55–86) which uses scientific apparatus and equipment. This anatomo-politics of the human body correlates with the new knowledge of science and technology under the guise of a liberal democracy, where life itself becomes a deliberate political strategy and an economic, political and scientific problem, to which the nation state is coupled. (Foucault et al. 2009) Foucault argues that while the stated purpose of biopower is to maximize life, it also has a dark side: when the stakes are life itself, anything can be justified by the state, thus being able to easily eliminate groups identified as threatening the life of the nation, or of humanity. (Foucault 1990, 137) Foucault draws attention to what he calls the major political and social project, namely the "milieu intérieur" (inner environment), as a support for the truths uttered by the authorities. In the modern version, the government is thus presented to the population in the media as a means of efficiency, fiscal optimization, political responsibility and rigor, forming a public discourse of government solidarity and social consensus. (Foucault et al. 2009, 283) Biopolitics is a concept that takes into account the management of the life and populations of a governed region. According to Foucault, biopolitics is "to ensure, sustain, and multiply life, to put this life in order." (Foucault 1990) In political science, the term has two different meanings: a poststructuralist one identical to the meaning attributed by Michel Foucault (denoting social and political power over life), and another that refers to biological studies and political science. (Liesen and Walsh 2011) Foucault speaks of a style of government that regulates populations through "biopower" in all aspects of human life. (Foucault et al. 2009, 1)