Pesticide overuse is contaminating the ecosystem – risks extinction

The use of pesticides increased many fold over the past few decade. It is estimated that about 5.2 billion pound of pesticides are used worldwide annually (Dutta and Bortamuly, 2018). Majority of pesticide are not particularly targeting the pest. The widespread use of pesticides not only brought adverse influence on agro ecosystems but also caused alteration in physiological processes of non-target organisms (Verma and Prakash, 2018). It has been assessed that only about 0.1% pesticide stretch out the target entity and remaining are taint with the surrounding environment (Dutta and Bortamuly, 2018). Poisoning risks depend on dose, toxicity, duration of exposure and sensitivity (Prakash, 2020).

These pesticides through surface runoff reach into the aquatic ecosystems and become a global environmental problem. The presence of pesticides in the aquatic system can obviously lead to multi- fold interaction with other forms of pollution because these pesticides enter into the food chain and their subsequent bioaccumulation and biotransformation at different trophic levels have catastrophic effect to the ecosystem (Prakash and Verma, 2014; Sandeep, 2021).

The over and misuse of pesticide has precedence to immense health problem, economic loss and various environmental problem. The resultant health problem of pesticide includes cancer, birth defect, reproductive problem, liver, kidney, and neural problem etc. In many developing countries majority of pesticide are associated with adverse effect on human health and environment due to the in judicial use of pesticide. On the other hand the overused of pesticide also precedence to the environmental pollution such as water, soil pollution etc. and cause imbalance of ecosystem. The ecological balance is needed for widespread biodiversity and human survival (Verma. 2017; Ashok, 2018).