IOT ag fails – aff source proves – security, cost, and energy turns impact and plan doesn’t solve

The advent of agricultural IoT has fueled the integration of IoT technology across various aspects of agricultural irrigation management. However, certain challenges persist in current intelligent agricultural irrigation management, including the following: (1)Data security issues: Data security and privacy are critical concerns in IoT, and the information communication process in agricultural irrigation management is vulnerable to various security attacks. For example, ZigBee is susceptible to data manipulation and packet decoding, while WiFi is susceptible to interference and passive attacks. Thus, future efforts must focus on enhancing security measures to prevent data breaches, losses, or hackers and provide data security and privacy. (2)Data fusion issues: As the agricultural IoT technology advances, the volume of agricultural irrigation data is growing exponentially, leading to increasingly complex and diverse irrigation status information. To achieve precise irrigation, significant amounts of state information must be collected, analyzed, and stored. In future work, it is crucial to address the challenge of integrating multiple types of data from various sources, as well as establishing a comprehensive network to enhance the efficiency of data transmission. (3)Cost issues of agricultural irrigation management systems: Irrigation is not limited to greenhouses or small-scale farmland. In large-scale farmland and complex environments where irrigation network communication is required, equipment usage and maintenance costs must be taken into account. Additionally, more environmental parameters need to be measured at irrigation sites, necessitating the deployment of a large number of IoT devices. However, high-quality IoT equipment can be expensive, which puts an unnecessary financial burden on farmers. Thus, it is imperative to introduce high-precision, low-cost equipment, and choose affordable communication technology and networking methods to minimize IoT costs. (4)Multimedia data transmission issue. Due to the low bandwidth of long-range and low-power communication technologies like LoRa and NB-IoT, transmitting image data can result in low efficiency and quality. Images have large data sizes, leading to significant delays and slow transmission speeds. Moreover, data packets of images may get lost or corrupted, causing a partial loss of image information. Traditional image compression algorithms can lead to image distortion, blurriness, or loss of details. Therefore, future research needs to focus on image data compression techniques and transmission optimization strategies specifically tailored for long-distance communication using LoRa and NB-IoT, aiming to improve the efficiency and quality of image transmission. (5) and energy issues: Power and energy management are critical aspects of IoT-based deployments in agricultural irrigation applications, where power is a necessary tool and all devices used for communication, monitoring, and storage purposes require energy. Frequent battery replacement is required for certain communication equipment, which indirectly increases costs and is not conducive to energy consumption control in agricultural irrigation systems. Therefore, it is essential to develop advanced methods for strengthening the management of the sensing and communication aspects of IoT to optimize performance and control energy consumption. It is also important to focus on the use of to mitigate the energy demand of the deployed system. (6)System equipment failure: The agricultural irrigation IoT system should be resilient enough to prevent the failure of any single piece of equipment from affecting the overall operation of the system. The deployed irrigation system may face various failures, with hardware equipment failure being the most common. To increase the reusability and customization of system components and services, modular hardware and software components should be considered. The system design should be robust enough to enable the quick detection of system failures and facilitate reconfiguration and self-healing. The emergence of agricultural IoT is an inevitable development in intelligent and informationized agricultural irrigation management. Although it holds immense potential, there are myriad challenges on the way to its full development. In future research, increased emphasis should be placed on wireless communication technology. The existing intelligent irrigation system should be improved to meet the needs of agricultural irrigation, allowing for the fine adjustment of the irrigation system, on-demand irrigation, and automatic control. Additionally, sensor technology and electronic communication technology should be combined with IoT to ensure comprehensive benefits in agricultural production.