International IPRs act through treaty obligations.
P. Sean Morris 19, Faculty of Law at University of Helsinki, Fall 2019, “Private Intellectual Property Regulation in Public International Law,” U.C. Davis Journal of International Law and Policy, 26(1), pp. 187-188, kav
International intellectual property treaties cover the various private rights of intellectual creations such as copyrights, patents, and trademarks. 237In the process, the treaties enshrine those rights as property rights in sovereign states, which have obligations under international law to ensure compliance with those rights. 238What differentiates the private rights of intellectual property from other private property rights in the international system is the legal sophistication in which intellectual property rights are governed. International intellectual property rights created domestic private international law, which means intellectual property has a public origin and force in public international law, through treaty obligations.