Permutation do both. A rejection of cultural appropriation is a rejection of capitalism because the drive to over-accumulate stems from the commodification of Native culture.

Many Americans are beginning to feel irrevocably connected to technology. This has created a rift within the American psyche wherein one part cannot imagine a world without such stimulation, immediate gratification, and communication, while the other part longs for tranquility, silence, and solitude. "For many non-Indian peoples, who are increasingly disillusioned with capitalist ethics, materialism, lack of family networks and support, and the general degradation of the environment, Native Americans represent both a romanticized golden past and a hope for a return to a simpler life in the future." It is within this paradigm that Americans are turning to stereotyped utopias of the Native American lifestyles and peoples, where Indians represent a complete rejection of technological advancement in favor of primitivism. It is the belief that the American Indian " was a savage, at just about the stage in civilization the white man was just a few centuries back.' »7 Within this view there is the assumption of a linear moral development model that connects savagery to the beginning of man's time on earth, with modernization and morality as the end result. Therefore, if Americans are unsatisfied with the status of modernity, they can look back and mimic stereotypes of indigenous life as a way to escape technological anxieties, and engage with the traditions of the past.

The notion of "playing Indian" dates back to media representations of westward expansion. However, a new utopian fascination with Native American life began in the 1970s and 1980s. These pivotal decades marked a surge of social awareness and advocacy with the subsequent Chicano, Free Speech, and Feminist movements. It was during this time of self-determination that Native American identity was reformed. A "newfound, but largely romanticized, respect for native peoples' connection with the land and environment emerged in the 1970s in conjunction with the civil rights movement and an increasing awareness of ethnic diversity and alternative lifestyles." This trend was pervasive and focused on Native American "spiritual purity" and relation to the land.?

During the 1970s and 1980s, "playing Indian" typically involved the practice of perceived Native American cultural beliefs systems and traditions, including Shamanism, reincarnation, and the use of natural materials for health such as crystals. 10 These reflected a form of lifestyle emulation that is not as eminent in current trends. While expanding cultural awareness prompted the 1970s emulation of Native American beliefs, the twenty-first century consumption of stereotyped Native American apparel and accessories is fitting to a period of instant satisfaction, where culture can be bought and sold.

This view of Native Americans as spiritually pure naturalists has created a new consumer market that allows Americans to buy into and connect with these themes. Americans struggling with the speed of modern technology cope with these insecurities by consuming Native American themed products. "Business is booming with respect to products connected with Indians who supposedly represent the opposite of urban white populations obsessed with making money and with material possessions."" In this way, Native American values are placed in direct opposition to American ideals, including capitalism. The consumption of Indian inspired goods serves as a way to assuage feelings of guilt or disapproval with American society by attempting to buy into another conceived reality. "Native Americans are seen as white society's saviors, the last remaining key to redemption and a future free of anxiety, pollution, and complexity."12 In seeing the Native as pure, and the American as corrupted by capitalism and technology, the availability of Indian inspired goods has created an alternative lifestyle, possible for non-Natives through the purchasing of such apparel and accessories.