4---Even then, immigrants overcome flaws to the patent system.

Savchuk 23[Katia Savchuk is an award-winning freelance magazine journalist and a former staff reporter at Forbes and is citing work from several researchers. Said researchers are as follows:Rebecca Diamon is a professor of economics at Stanford Graduate School of Business. Abhisit Jiranaphawiboon is a PhD student at Stanford GSB. Beatriz Pousada is a PhD student at Stanford. Shai Bernstein is from the Harvard Business School. Timothy McQuade is from the UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business. 3-13-2023, "A New Look at Immigrants’ Outsize Contribution to Innovation in the U.S.," Stanford Graduate School of Business, https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/new-look-immigrants-outsize-contribution-innovation-us aawh]

To find the answer, the researchers looked at the output of nearly 880,000 Americans who patented inventions between 1990 and 2016. They found that immigrants made an outsize contribution to innovation in the U.S. While they comprised 16% of inventors, immigrants were behind 23% of the patents issued over these years.

It wasn’t just a matter of quantity: The share of patents immigrants produced was slightly higher when weighted by the number of citations each patent received over the next three years, a key measure of their quality and utility. Moreover, immigrants were responsible for a quarter of the total economic value of patents granted in that period, as measured by the stock market’s reaction to new patents.

“The high-skilled immigrants we have in the U.S. are incredibly productive and innovative, and they’re disproportionately contributing to innovation in our society,” says Diamond, a professor of economics at Stanford Graduate School of Business.