It's through all levels of government.
Harriet Bryant 23, Winter 2023, “Trademark Law – Ninth Circuit Interpretation Signals Right of Priority to Foreign Applicants Under the Madrid Protocol,” Suffolk Transnational Law Review, Vol. 46, Footnote 1, Lexis, kav
See Lodestar Anstalt v. Bacardi & Co., 31 F.4th 1228, 1236 (9th Cir. 2022) (quoting B&B Hardware, Inc. v. Hargis Indus., Inc., 575 U.S. 138, 142 (2015)). See also Minde Glenn Browning, International Trademark Law: A Pathfinder and Selected Bibliography, 4 IND. INT'L & COMP. L. REV. 339, 339-40 (1994) (generalizing fundamental purpose of trademarks). Businesses have come to rely on trademarks as a means of establishing their reputation and distinguishing its products from a competitor. Id. at 339. U.S. trademarks are generally protected by multiple means, including state common law, federal and state statutes, and federal and state registrations. Id. at 339-40. As businesses have expanded geographically beyond national borders, the emergence of international systems of protections have sought to create a uniform system in order to simplify protections that are inherently governed by the laws of individual countries. Id. at 340.